IAA | iaaspace.org
Abstract: Space situational awareness and planetary defense would likely receive additional private and governmental resources if public company disclosures reported extensive space-related risks. This paper analyzes trends and potential omissions in publicly listed company space-related disclosed risks such as space access, solar flares, space debris, terrestrial loss of space-system capabilities, and spectrum conflicts. A partial explanation for underreporting includes reliance on historical precedence for risk identification, materiality, and treatment. As space-related risks are realized in the coming years, corporate disclosure of associated risks may increase in a similar fashion to other risk categories that rapidly grow after a first instance is recognized. Another factor is the perception that cis-lunar space is a global commons and can therefore be misconstrued as costless. As the use of other global commons gain attention, such as carbon emissions in the atmosphere and resource use in international waters, increased scrutiny of space commons risks could occur.
Member Insights | thegfcc.org
It is said that the second-best time to conduct risk management is now. I will slightly modify the rest of the quip to suggest the best time to conduct risk management is always. In that spirit, Lockheed Martin has had a longstanding engagement with the Global Federation of Competitiveness Councils (GFCC) and the Council on Competitiveness since 2015. As the GFCC has grown, we have found areas of common interest across technology, sustainability, and enterprise risk management, fostering dialogues with members from industry, academia, and non-governmental organizations worldwide.
National Academies: National Library of Medicine | ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic escalated supply chain vulnerabilities that affect almost every sector of the economy. Identifying key vulnerabilities and developing responses to them will require the mobilization of diverse actors across the U.S. research enterprise. In October and November 2021, the Government-University-Industry Research Roundtable (GUIRR) of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a number of virtual workshops for its membership and invited guests to discuss opportunities for enhancing U.S. approaches to addressing manufacturing and supply chain resilience, security, and sustainability challenges through partnerships and cross-sector collaboration. In convening experts and leaders from across sectors and disciplines, GUIRR provided a forum for dialogue on policy priorities for consideration by leaders across the research enterprise. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop series.
Internal Auditing Journal July/August 2022 | Thomson Reuters
Abstract: The implementation of additional SEC ESG-related disclosure will likely increase internal audit resource utilization, but in the medium term, it may enable greater automation due to increased management and compliance process rigor.
Frame the Future | thegfcc.org
In 2021, The Global Federation of Competitiveness Councils (GFCC) conducted a "Frame the Future" initiative to unpack the ten most pressing issues in the global competitiveness agenda. The Future of Intellectual Property included this piece.
Abstract: The responsible use of data and IP underlie sustainable enterprises, circular economic practices, and trustworthy Artificial Intelligence. The practical foundation for that responsible use is data governance and stewardship.
IAF Digital Library | iafastro.directory
Abstract: There is growing interest and mandate for Double Materiality to be included in company decision-making and reporting. The two materialities referenced in this concept are a) financial and b) environmental and social. While the environmental aspect can be construed to include a wide array of issues, it has thus far been limited in practice to Earth’s climate. This paper recommends an important part of double materiality is an organization’s impact on and impact from space sustainability. Considerations include space debris, space access, electromagnetic spectrum use, in-situ resource utilization, space weather, and benefits to life on Earth from space-based systems. Financial materiality has almost exclusively focused on impacts to an organization and primarily been limited to the near and medium-term time horizon. By including the double materiality of space sustainability, organizations consider the interconnected and limited nature of space resources. Current double materiality efforts relating to climate change serve as a useful example. Decisions within an organization and by its stakeholders are best informed when the risks and opportunities to the universal enterprise of human space use are clearly accounted for and communicated.
AIAA ASCEND | aiaa.org
Abstract: When developing the technical and social governance for permanent space settlement there is a greater requirement for resilience than in even the most complex and long-duration manned space mission to date. There is an enormous body of knowledge and practice in space system risk management including Risk Informed Decision-Making and Continuous Risk Management. However, the complexity and timeframe of permanent space settlements (e.g. Moon Village and manned asteroid mining operations) justifies more than a traditional Risk Management (RM) approach. By incorporating a Resilience Improvement (RI) process in addition to RM a more enduring settlement can be developed. This paper outlines a method to use a combined RM/RI process to maximize safety, cost, schedule, technical, and quality outcomes. RM’s mitigations and RI’s adaptability complement each other. By executing each process in parallel and adjudicating the results based on principles, objectives and costs the results can be balanced between optimization for known scenarios and preparation for unknown situations.
ISC2 Taskforce | ISC2
Abstract: ISC2 convened an international volunteer task force to examine cybersecurity supply chain challenges. A key theme was the challenge around information sharing and how to increase the benefit to wider communities, notably small to medium-sized organizations, which are acutely impacted by the shortage of skilled cybersecurity professionals. The working group adopted NIST’s definition of cyber supply chain risk management (C-SRM), as “the process of identifying, assessing, preventing and mitigating the risks associated with the interconnected nature of Information and Communications Technology product and service supply chains.” This covers the entire lifecycle of ICT, software and information assurance, encompassing traditional supply chain management and security practices.
The task force noted that while there are a variety of resources describing emerging or good practices in supply chain risk management, approaches still vary. There is a lack of established guidance for supply chain risk management with collaborative information sharing included. It’s perhaps self-evident that information sharing is a critical part of supply chain security, but what information should be shared, with whom and how?
IEEE Conference Publication | IEEE Xplore
Abstract: Standard cyber security practices that help to protect data's integrity while at rest, transit, and processing are susceptible to insider threats. In order to resist these insider threat vulnerabilities the data must be verifiable. One way to verify the integrity of Automated Test System (ATS) test results is to use measurement digital watermarking. This method is particularly appropriate to ATS test results because test reports are usually unencrypted when saved and printed. Measurement digital watermarking embeds identifying verification data in available locations within the test result stored data. The identifying verification data is developed using hash functions with dynamic salting. The available locations are found in the insignificant digits of analog measurements. In addition, a method of digitally watermarking test reports consisting of all digital tests by using font variation is described. Using these techniques does not protect test results from tampering but it does allow for detection of tampering and invalid test results. Since ATS results are used in determining avionics airworthiness the integrity of the results is an important component of aviation safety.
IEEE Conference Publication | IEEE Xplore
Abstract: To reap the benefits of prognostic health management, intelligent Test Program Set (TPS) diagnostic reasoning, and remote TPS configuration management Automated Test Systems (ATSs) must be networked in spite of increasing cybersecurity concerns. Traditional cybersecurity tools such as Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS), firewalls and antivirus software are continuously proven vulnerable to the increasing sophistication of bad actors and insider threats. In addition, these software security appliances and their recurring updates can be burdensome to TPS development and interfere with TPS performance.
IEEE Conference Publication | IEEE Xplore
Abstract: The Cyber Diode uses animated 2D barcodes to create ad hoc mobile networks with data diode and robust error correcting properties. It is displayed on a broadcasting device and read by a physically separated receiving device serving as unidirectional optical communication. Data rate and error correction are evaluated. The communication method has beneficial information assurance properties, is well suited for Augmented Reality, and can reduce the cost of sustaining fleets of systems. Cyber Diode use cases are catalogued (including out of band networking for sustainment, device location concealment, and social media privacy infringement and censorship mitigation) and alternate comparable communication methods are reviewed.
IEEE Conference Publication | IEEE Xplore
Abstract: Automated Test Systems (ATSs) can join the Internet of Things (IoT) at multiple layers and benefit both the overall IoT concept as well as advance the goals of ATSs. Logistics and sustainment are traditionally brought into the IoT conversation through asset tracking, transportation, and Health and Usage Monitoring Systems (HUMS). However the IoT has additional aspects that can be related to logistics information systems and automated test.
ATSs are applicable in all layers of the IoT: sensing, networking / communications, and applications. An ATS can be a sensor in the IoT serving to inform sustaining engineering, product support management, maintenance planning, and supply chain decisions through its test and diagnostic data. In addition, many ATSs consist of a network of instrumentation and measurement devices that can serve as part of the IoT network / communication layer. And finally an automated test and diagnostic application can be used in the IoT to expand the scale of testing beyond standard automated test capability. This paper describes and analyzes the implementation of Automated Test Systems in all three IoT layers.
Strategic Finance Magazine | Institute of Management Accounting (IMA)
Abstract: Continuing research by the Strategic Risk Management Lab at DePaul University’s Kellstadt Graduate School of Business studies how companies develop strategies to create long-term sustainable value based on positive risk governance focused on creating and protecting value. This research includes studying leading practices in risk governance, such as Lockheed Martin’s coordinated governance of enterprise risk management (ERM) and sustainability, and its focus on ethics for positive risk management. Lockheed Martin practices have evolved the governance of ERM and sustainability with an ethics-oriented mindset.
Mark L. Frigo and Christopher A. Geiger, Lockheed Martin’s vice president of internal audit and ERM, discuss how CFOs, finance organizations, and boards can take a leadership role in establishing and supporting ethics-driven risk governance focused on creating and protecting long-term value.
Governance Article | cumanagement.com
Abstract: The rules may apply more than you think, and the linked business opportunities are significant.
The next time you hear about onerous mandatory SEC disclosures, don’t imagine credit unions are immune. Instead, think of how not to be left with the indirect costs and loss of opportunity! Draw up a sustainability roadmap to have informed conversations with executive management and the board. If it includes sustainability materiality assessment, risk-based sustainability governance and related assurance, you are on the right track. The rules may apply more than you think, and the linked business opportunities are significant.
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